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		<title>Install and configure Icinga on Fedora 16</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2012/01/21/install-and-configure-icinga-on-fedora-16/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2012/01/21/install-and-configure-icinga-on-fedora-16/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:52:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=717</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When I installed Fedora 16 on my server, I installed MySQL and http. Enable mysqld and httpd boot up automatically # systemctl enable mysqld.service # systemctl enable httpd.service Install necessary packages # yum install net-snmp* gd gd-devel libdbi-devel Create Account Information # /usr/sbin/useradd -m icinga # passwd icinga # /usr/sbin/groupadd icinga-cmd # /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=717&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When I installed Fedora 16 on my server, I installed MySQL and http.</p>
<p><strong>Enable mysqld and httpd boot up automatically</strong><br />
# systemctl enable mysqld.service<br />
# systemctl enable httpd.service</p>
<p><strong>Install necessary packages</strong><br />
# yum install net-snmp* gd gd-devel libdbi-devel</p>
<p><strong>Create Account Information</strong><br />
# /usr/sbin/useradd -m icinga<br />
# passwd icinga<br />
# /usr/sbin/groupadd icinga-cmd<br />
# /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G icinga-cmd icinga</p>
<p><strong>Download Icinga and the Plugins</strong><br />
# cd /usr/src/<br />
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/icinga/files/icinga/1.6.1/icinga-1.6.1.tar.gz<br />
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagiosplug/files/nagiosplug/1.4.15/nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz</p>
<p><strong>Compile and Install Icinga with IDOUtils</strong><br />
# tar xvzf icinga-1.6.1.tar.gz<br />
# cd icinga-1.6.1<br />
# ./configure &#8211;with-command-group=icinga-cmd &#8211;enable-idoutils</p>
<p>Compile and Install<br />
# make all<br />
# make install<br />
# make install-init<br />
# make install-config<br />
# make install-commandmode<br />
# make install-idoutils</p>
<p><strong>Customise Configuration</strong><br />
Change the item email from &#8220;icinga@localhost&#8221; to yours in the file /usr/local/icinga/etc/objects/contacts.cfg</p>
<p># cd /usr/local/icinga/etc/<br />
# mv idomod.cfg-sample idomod.cfg<br />
# mv ido2db.cfg-sample ido2db.cfg<br />
# cd modules<br />
# mv idoutils.cfg-sample idoutils.cfg</p>
<p><strong>Creation of Database and IDOUtils</strong><br />
# service mysqld start<br />
# mysql -u root -p<br />
mysql&gt; CREATE DATABASE icinga;<br />
mysql&gt; GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO &#8216;icinga&#8217;@'localhost&#8217;<br />
IDENTIFIED BY &#8216;icinga&#8217;<br />
WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 0<br />
MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR 0<br />
MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR 0;<br />
mysql&gt; GRANT SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE , DELETE, DROP, CREATE VIEW<br />
ON icinga.* TO &#8216;icinga&#8217;@'localhost&#8217;;<br />
mysql&gt; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;<br />
mysql&gt; quit<br />
# cd /usr/src/icinga-1.6.1/module/idoutils/db/mysql<br />
# mysql -u root -p icinga &lt; mysql.sql</p>
<p><strong>Configure the Classic Web Interface</strong><br />
# cd /usr/src/icinga-1.6.1<br />
# make cgis<br />
# make install-cgis<br />
# make install-html<br />
# make install-webconf</p>
<p>Create an icingaadmin account for logging into the Icinga classic web interface<br />
# htpasswd -c /usr/local/icinga/etc/htpasswd.users icingaadmin<br />
# service httpd restart</p>
<p><strong>Compile and Install the Nagios Plugins</strong><br />
# cd /usr/src<br />
# tar xvzf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz<br />
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15<br />
# ./configure &#8211;prefix=/usr/local/icinga \<br />
&#8211;with-cgiurl=/icinga/cgi-bin &#8211;with-htmurl=/icinga \<br />
&#8211;with-nagios-user=icinga &#8211;with-nagios-group=icinga<br />
# make<br />
# make install</p>
<p><strong>Adjusting the SELinux settings</strong><br />
# setenforce 0<br />
and modify /etc/selinux/config file to change &#8220;SELINUX=enforcing&#8221; to &#8220;SELINUX=permissive&#8221;</p>
<p><strong>Start IDOUtils and Icinga</strong><br />
# chkconfig &#8211;add ido2db<br />
# service ido2db start<br />
# chkconfig &#8211;add icinga<br />
# service icinga start</p>
<p><strong>Login to the Classic Web Interface</strong><br />
Open the browser from your desktop, input &#8220;http://[IP]/icinga/&#8221;.<br />
If you could not connect the icinga server, try to flush firewall<br />
# iptables -F</p>
<p><strong>Add two hosts to test</strong><br />
# cd /usr/local/icinga/etc<br />
Add a line &#8220;cfg_dir=/usr/local/icinga/etc/hosts&#8221; after &#8220;cfg_dir=/usr/local/icinga/etc/modules&#8221; in the icinga.cfg file through edit tool.</p>
<p># mkdir hosts<br />
# cd hosts<br />
Create a file named linux.cfg that the content is as below<br />
<em>define host {</em><br />
<em>    use                                linux-server</em><br />
<em>    host_name                  s2</em><br />
<em>    address                        192.168.26.2</em><br />
<em>    check_command       check-host-alive</em><br />
<em>    contact_groups         admins</em><br />
<em>}</em><br />
<em>define host {</em><br />
<em>    use                               linux-server</em><br />
<em>    host_name                 s254</em><br />
<em>    address                       192.168.26.254</em><br />
<em>    check_command      check-host-alive</em><br />
<em>    contact_groups         admins</em><br />
<em>}</em></p>
<p>Create a file named services.cfg that the content is as below<br />
<em>define service {</em><br />
<em>        use                                   generic-service</em><br />
<em>        host_name                     s2, s254</em><br />
<em>        service_description     HTTP</em><br />
<em>        check_command          check-host-alive</em><br />
<em>        }</em></p>
<p><strong>Verify your configuration</strong><br />
# /usr/local/icinga/bin/icinga -v /usr/local/icinga/etc/icinga.cfg</p>
<p>Reload Icinga<br />
# service icinga reload</p>
<p>Refresh the browser from your desktop, you will find the two hosts you add.</p>
<p><strong>Reference</strong><br />
<a href="http://docs.icinga.org/1.6/en/quickstart-idoutils.html">http://docs.icinga.org/1.6/en/quickstart-idoutils.html</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<title>An easy way to find out which servers have been rebooted after black out</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/an-easy-way-to-find-out-which-servers-have-been-rebooted-after-black-out/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/an-easy-way-to-find-out-which-servers-have-been-rebooted-after-black-out/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:58:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=710</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When I went to work on Thursday morning, my colleague on night duty said there was a power outage for 1 second which caused some of the servers to reboot. My manager wanted to know which of the servers rebooted, so that he could arrange to change the UPS in the future. In order to [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=710&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When I went to work on Thursday morning, my colleague on night duty said there was a power outage for 1 second which caused some of the servers to reboot. My manager wanted to know which of the servers rebooted, so that he could arrange to change the UPS in the future. In order to know which servers have rebooted, we can log on each server to check the up time. But if there are hundreds or thousands of servers that needs to be checked, it is very tedious and inefficient.</p>
<p>Fortunately, our servers had been installed snmp so that we could monitor the status by Nagios. Knowing the theory of snmp, I wrote a small script to check the uptime of each server.</p>
<p><em>#!/bin/bash</em></p>
<p><em>NET=192.168.1</em><br />
<em>COM=public</em></p>
<p><em>for i in `seq 2 254`</em><br />
<em>do</em><br />
<em>  echo -n &#8220;$NET.$i == &#8220;</em><br />
<em>  snmpget -v 1 -c $COM $NET.$i system.sysUpTime.0</em><br />
<em>done</em></p>
<p>Run this script to produce the below result:</p>
<p>192.168.1.2 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1601584) 4:26:55.84<br />
192.168.1.3 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1720208093) 199 days, 2:21:20.93<br />
192.168.1.4 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1600525) 4:26:45.25<br />
192.168.1.5 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1600574) 4:26:45.74<br />
192.168.1.6 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1096018961) 126 days, 20:29:49.61<br />
192.168.1.7 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (689354819) 79 days, 18:52:28.19<br />
192.168.1.8 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1648344556) 190 days, 18:44:05.56<br />
192.168.1.9 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (2357055895) 272 days, 19:22:38.95<br />
192.168.1.10 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (2357056246) 272 days, 19:22:42.46<br />
192.168.1.11 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (2356532375) 272 days, 17:55:23.75<br />
192.168.1.12 == Timeout: No Response from 192.168.1.12.<br />
192.168.1.13 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (2357103041) 272 days, 19:30:30.41<br />
192.168.1.14 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (1752188152) 202 days, 19:11:21.52<br />
192.168.1.15 == DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (2357105237) 272 days, 19:30:52.37<br />
&#8230; &#8230;</p>
<p>Improve the script to list the servers rebooted less 1 day</p>
<p><em>#!/bin/bash</em></p>
<p><em>NET=192.168.1</em><br />
<em>COM=public</em></p>
<p><em>for i in `seq 2 254`</em></p>
<p><em>do</em><br />
<em>  if snmpget -v 1 -c $COM $NET.$i system.sysUpTime.0 2&gt;/dev/null|grep -v day &gt; /dev/null</em><br />
<em>  then</em><br />
<em>    echo -n &#8220;$NET.$i == &#8220;</em><br />
<em>    snmpget -v 1 -c $COM $NET.$i system.sysUpTime.0 |grep -v day|awk &#8216;{print $5}&#8217;</em><br />
<em>  fi</em><br />
<em>done</em></p>
<p>Run again, the result is<br />
192.168.1.2 == 4:50:23.73<br />
192.168.1.4 == 4:50:13.28<br />
192.168.1.5 == 4:50:13.69<br />
192.168.1.18 == 4:49:47.37<br />
192.168.1.19 == 4:50:09.00<br />
192.168.1.22 == 4:49:38.64<br />
192.168.1.28 == 4:49:47.55<br />
192.168.1.31 == 4:50:53.22<br />
192.168.1.42 == 4:50:00.35<br />
192.168.1.62 == 4:51:41.12<br />
192.168.1.80 == 4:50:31.65<br />
192.168.1.110 == 4:50:39.55<br />
192.168.1.132 == 4:51:21.66<br />
192.168.1.143 == 4:51:27.97<br />
192.168.1.150 == 4:50:41.75<br />
192.168.1.166 == 4:51:32.90<br />
192.168.1.171 == 4:50:49.12</p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<title>Creating my own systemd service files on Fedora 16(x86_64)</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/11/19/creating-my-own-systemd-service-files-on-fedora-16x86_64/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/11/19/creating-my-own-systemd-service-files-on-fedora-16x86_64/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Nov 2011 22:47:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=706</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[systemd is a replacement for the System V init daemon for Linux. It is intended to provide a better framework for expressing services&#8217; dependencies, allow more work to be done in parallel at system startup, and to reduce shell overhead. It has been used starting with Fedora 15. On my environment, the system is Fedora [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=706&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>systemd is a replacement for the System V init daemon for Linux. It is intended to provide a better framework for expressing services&#8217; dependencies, allow more work to be done in parallel at system startup, and to reduce shell overhead. It has been used starting with Fedora 15.</p>
<p>On my environment, the system is Fedora 16(X86_64). I want to send my radius log to another web server per 5 second so as to monitor it conveniently.</p>
<p>Create the script file<br />
# vi /usr/local/bin/radinfo</p>
<p><em>#!/bin/bash</em><br />
<em>while true</em><br />
<em>do</em><br />
<em>  ext=$(date +%y%m%d-%H%M%S)</em><br />
<em>  tail -200 /var/log/radius/radius.log &gt; /dev/shm/radinfo</em><br />
<em>  scp /dev/shm/radinfo kezhong@192.168.1.20:/var/www/html/radinfo/r$ext</em><br />
<em>  ssh kezhong@192.168.1.20 &#8220;find /var/www/html/radinfo/ -cmin +60 -exec rm {} \;&#8221;                 </em><br />
<em>  sleep 5</em><br />
<em>done</em></p>
<p>Give it execute permission<br />
# chmod u+x /usr/local/bin/radinfo</p>
<p>Create the service file<br />
# vi /lib/systemd/system/radinfo.service</p>
<p><em>[Unit]</em><br />
<em>Description=Sending radius log to management server</em><br />
<em>After=syslog.target network.target</em></p>
<p><em>[Service]</em><br />
<em>Type=simple</em><br />
<em>ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/radinfo</em></p>
<p><em>[Install]</em><br />
<em>WantedBy=multi-user.target</em></p>
<p>Make symbolic link<br />
# cd /etc/systemd/system/<br />
# ln -s /lib/systemd/system/radinfo.service radinfo.service</p>
<p>Make systemd take notice of it<br />
# systemctl daemon-reload</p>
<p>Activate a service immediately<br />
# systemctl start radinfo.service</p>
<p>Enable a service to be started on bootup<br />
# systemctl enable radinfo.service</p>
<p><strong>Reference</strong><br />
<a href="http://0pointer.de/public/systemd-man/">all of systemd&#8217;s man pages</a></p>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
	
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Install DirectAdmin on CentOS 5.7(x86_64)</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/install-directadmin-on-centos-5-7x86_64/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/install-directadmin-on-centos-5-7x86_64/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 13 Nov 2011 02:29:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=701</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Before Installing, we purchased the license, and got User ID and License ID. Install base CentOS 5.7(x86_64) and update # yum update -y Install compile tools if you didn&#8217;t install &#8220;Development Tools&#8221; and &#8220;Develoment Libraries&#8221; # yum install gcc-c++ gcc automake -y Remove httpd, php and mysql if you have installed them # yum remove [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=701&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Before Installing, we purchased the license, and got User ID and License ID.</p>
<p>Install base CentOS 5.7(x86_64) and update<br />
# yum update -y</p>
<p>Install compile tools if you didn&#8217;t install &#8220;Development Tools&#8221; and &#8220;Develoment Libraries&#8221;<br />
# yum install gcc-c++ gcc automake -y</p>
<p>Remove httpd, php and mysql if you have installed them<br />
# yum remove httpd* php* mysql* -y</p>
<p>Disable firewall and selinux<br />
# iptables -F<br />
# iptables -X<br />
# setenforce 0</p>
<p>Add &#8220;AllowUsers username&#8221; to /etc/ssh/sshd_config before you log out from root<br />
username is your real user&#8217; name</p>
<p>Download installation script from DirectAdmin official website and permit it run<br />
# wget http://directadmin.com/setup.sh<br />
# chmod u+x setup.sh</p>
<p>Install DirectAdmin<br />
# sh setup.sh<br />
<em>*** 64-bit OS ***</em></p>
<p><em>*****************************************************</em><br />
<em>*</em><br />
<em>* Have you run the pre-install commands? CTRL-C if not.</em><br />
<em>*   http://help.directadmin.com/item.php?id=354</em><br />
<em>*</em><br />
<em>*****************************************************</em><br />
<em>Please enter your Client ID : </em><strong>xxxxx</strong><br />
<em>Please enter your License ID : </em><strong>xxxxx</strong><br />
<em>Please enter your hostname \(server.domain.com\)</em><br />
<em>It must be a Fully Qualified Domain Name</em><br />
<em>Do *not* use a domain you plan on using for the hostname:</em><br />
<em>eg. don&#8217;t use domain.com. Use server.domain.com instead.</em><br />
<em>Do not enter http:// or www</em></p>
<p><em>Enter your hostname (FQDN) : </em><strong>xxxxx.xxxxx.com</strong><br />
<em>Client ID:  xxxxx</em><br />
<em>License ID: xxxxx</em><br />
<em>Hostname: xxxxx.xxxxx.com</em><br />
<em>Is this correct? (y,n) : </em>y<br />
<em>The following ethernet devices/IPs were found. Please enter the name of the device you wish to use:</em></p>
<p><em>eth0       xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</em><br />
<em>eth1       </em></p>
<p><em>Enter the device name:</em> <strong>eth0</strong><br />
<em>Is xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx the IP in your license? (y,n) :</em> y</p>
<p><em>DirectAdmin will now be installed on: Enterprise 5.7</em><br />
<em>Is this correct? (must match license) (y,n) :</em> y</p>
<p><em>You now have 2 options for your apache/php setup.</em></p>
<p><em>1: customapache: end-of-life software. Includes Apache 1.3, php 4 and frontpage.  **Not recommended**.  Will not work with newer OSs. Limited tech support.</em><br />
<em>2: custombuild 1.1:  newer software (recommended). Includes any Apache version, php 4, 5, or both in cli and/or suphp. Frontpage not available.</em><br />
<em>                 Post any issues with custombuild to the forum: http://www.directadmin.com/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=61</em></p>
<p><em>Enter your choice (1 or 2): </em><strong>2</strong><br />
<em>You have chosen custombuild 1.1.</em><br />
<em>&#8211;2011-11-11 14:47:00&#8211;  http://files.directadmin.com/services/custombuild/1.1/custombuild/build</em><br />
<em>Resolving files.directadmin.com&#8230; 216.144.254.90, 69.30.193.202</em><br />
<em>Connecting to files.directadmin.com|216.144.254.90|:80&#8230; connected.</em><br />
<em>HTTP request sent, awaiting response&#8230; 200 OK</em><br />
<em>Length: 289046 (282K) [text/plain]</em><br />
<em>Saving to: `/usr/local/directadmin/custombuild/build&#8217;</em></p>
<p><em>100%[=================================================================================================&gt;] 289,046      855K/s   in 0.3s    </em></p>
<p><em>2011-11-11 14:47:01 (855 KB/s) &#8211; `/usr/local/directadmin/custombuild/build&#8217; saved [289046/289046]</em></p>
<p><em>Would you like the default settings of apache 2.2 and php 5 cli? (y/n): </em><strong>y</strong><br />
<em>Using the default settings for custombuild.</em><br />
<em>Would you like to search for the fastest download mirror? (y/n):</em><strong> y</strong></p>
<p><em>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;</em></p>
<p><em>make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1</em><br />
<em>*******************************************</em><br />
<em>*******************************************</em></p>
<p><em>Cannot find /usr/local/bin/php</em><br />
<em>Please recompile php with custombuild, eg:</em><br />
<em>cd /usr/local/directadmin/custombuild</em><br />
<em>./build all d</em></p>
<p><em>This appears to be a 64-bit system.</em><br />
<em>a common cause of http/php compile failures is mentioned here:</em><br />
<em>http://help.directadmin.com/item.php?id=213</em></p>
<p><em>If you&#8217;re running CentOS (not freebsd or debian) and applies to you, then type:</em></p>
<p><em>ln -sf /usr/lib64/libexpat.so /usr/lib/libexpat.so</em><br />
<em>ln -sf /usr/lib64/libm.so /usr/lib/libm.so</em><br />
<em>ln -sf /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib/libssl.so</em><br />
<em>cd /usr/local/directadmin/custombuild</em><br />
<em>./build all d</em></p>
<p><em>*******************************************</em><br />
<em>*******************************************</em></p>
<p># ln -sf /usr/lib64/libexpat.so /usr/lib/libexpat.so<br />
# ln -sf /usr/lib64/libm.so /usr/lib/libm.so<br />
# ln -sf /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib/libssl.so<br />
# cd /usr/local/directadmin/custombuild<br />
# ./build all d</p>
<p>Restart the httpd service<br />
# /sbin/service httpd restart<br />
<em>Stopping httpd:                                            [FAILED]</em><br />
<em>Starting httpd: httpd: Syntax error on line 143 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 21 of /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf: Could not open configuration file /etc/httpd/conf/ips.conf: No such file or directory</em></p>
<p># cd /usr/local/directadmin<br />
# ./directadmin i<br />
<em>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..</em></p>
<p># ./directadmin p<br />
<em>Permissions set</em></p>
<p>Restart the httpd service again, it will start</p>
<p>Accessing the Control Panel<br />
DirectAdmin can be accessed at http://server.ip.address:2222 &#8212; use the Admin username/password specified in the setup.txt file in your scripts directory.</p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<title>Installing THC Hydra on Fedora 15</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/installing-thc-hydra-on-fedora-15/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/installing-thc-hydra-on-fedora-15/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Sep 2011 19:06:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=695</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[THC-Hydra is a remote dictionary attack tool that supports a lot of protocols and options. The following protocols are supported: AFP, Cisco AAA, Cisco auth, Cisco enable, CVS, Firebird, FTP, HTTP-FORM-GET, HTTP-FORM-POST, HTTP-GET, HTTP-HEAD, HTTP-PROXY, HTTPS-FORM-GET, HTTPS-FORM-POST, HTTPS-GET, HTTPS-HEAD, HTTP-Proxy, ICQ, IMAP, IRC, LDAP, MS-SQL, MYSQL, NCP, NNTP, Oracle Listener, Oracle SID, Oracle, PC-Anywhere, PCNFS, [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=695&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>THC-Hydra is a remote dictionary attack tool that supports a lot of protocols and options. The following protocols are supported: AFP, Cisco AAA, Cisco auth, Cisco enable, CVS, Firebird, FTP, HTTP-FORM-GET, HTTP-FORM-POST, HTTP-GET, HTTP-HEAD, HTTP-PROXY, HTTPS-FORM-GET, HTTPS-FORM-POST, HTTPS-GET, HTTPS-HEAD, HTTP-Proxy, ICQ, IMAP, IRC, LDAP, MS-SQL, MYSQL, NCP, NNTP, Oracle Listener, Oracle SID, Oracle, PC-Anywhere, PCNFS, POP3, POSTGRES, RDP, Rexec, Rlogin, Rsh, SAP/R3, SIP, SMB, SMTP, SMTP Enum, SNMP, SOCKS5, SSH (v1 and v2), Subversion, Teamspeak (TS2), Telnet, VMware-Auth, VNC and XMPP. It is a powerful real-time brute force tool for hackers and network administrators alike.</p>
<p><strong>Download and configure THC Hydra</strong><br />
# wget http://www.thc.org/releases/hydra-7.0-src.tar.gz<br />
# tar xvzf hydra-7.0-src.tar.gz<br />
# cd hydra-7.0-src<br />
# ./configure</p>
<p><em>Starting hydra auto configuration &#8230;</em><br />
<em>Detected 64 Bit Linux OS</em></p>
<p><em>Checking for openssl (libssl, libcrypto, ssl.h, sha.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                       &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for idn (libidn.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                             &#8230; NOT found, unicode logins and passwords will not be supported</em><br />
<em>Checking for pcre (libpcre.so, pcre.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                       &#8230; NOT found, server response checks will be less reliable</em><br />
<em>Checking for Postgres (libpq.so, libpq-fe.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                             &#8230; NOT found, module postgres disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for SVN (libsvn_client-1 libapr-1.so libaprutil-1.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                               &#8230; NOT found, module svn disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for firebird (libfbclient.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                       &#8230; NOT found, module firebird disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for MYSQL client (libmysqlclient.so, math.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                      &#8230; NOT found, module Mysql will not support version &gt; 4.x</em><br />
<em>Checking for AFP (libafpclient.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                   &#8230; NOT found, module Apple Filing Protocol disabled &#8211; Apple sucks anyway</em><br />
<em>Checking for NCP (libncp.so / nwcalls.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                         &#8230; NOT found, module NCP disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for SAP/R3 (librfc/saprfc.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                      &#8230; NOT found, module sapr3 disabled</em><br />
<em>Get it from http://www.sap.com/solutions/netweaver/linux/eval/index.asp</em><br />
<em>Checking for libssh (libssh/libssh.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                      &#8230; NOT found, module ssh disabled</em><br />
<em>Get it from http://www.libssh.org</em><br />
<em>Checking for Oracle (libocci.so libclntsh.so / oci.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                      &#8230; NOT found, module Oracle disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for GUI req&#8217;s (pkg-config, gtk+-2.0) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                              &#8230; NOT found, optional anyway</em></p>
<p><em>Hydra will be installed into &#8230;/bin of: /usr/local</em><br />
<em>  (change this by running ./configure &#8211;prefix=path)</em></p>
<p><em>Writing Makefile.in &#8230;</em><br />
<em>now type &#8220;make&#8221;</em></p>
<p>From the above, we know there are some packages need to be installed.<br />
# yum install libidn-devel<br />
# yum install pcre-devel<br />
# yum install libpqxx-devel<br />
# yum install subversion-devel<br />
# yum install apr-devel<br />
# yum install apr-util-devel<br />
# yum install firebird-devel<br />
# yum install mysql-devel<br />
# yum install afpfs-ng-devel<br />
# yum install ncpfs-devel<br />
# yum install libssh-devel</p>
<p>Configure again.<br />
# ./configure</p>
<p><em>Starting hydra auto configuration &#8230;</em><br />
<em>Detected 64 Bit Linux OS</em></p>
<p><em>Checking for openssl (libssl, libcrypto, ssl.h, sha.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                       &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for idn (libidn.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                             &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for pcre (libpcre.so, pcre.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                       &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for Postgres (libpq.so, libpq-fe.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                             &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for SVN (libsvn_client-1 libapr-1.so libaprutil-1.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                               &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for firebird (libfbclient.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                       &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for MYSQL client (libmysqlclient.so, math.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                      &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for AFP (libafpclient.so) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                   &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for NCP (libncp.so / nwcalls.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                         &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for SAP/R3 (librfc/saprfc.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                      &#8230; NOT found, module sapr3 disabled</em><br />
<em>Get it from http://www.sap.com/solutions/netweaver/linux/eval/index.asp</em><br />
<em>Checking for libssh (libssh/libssh.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                      &#8230; found</em><br />
<em>Checking for Oracle (libocci.so libclntsh.so / oci.h) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                                      &#8230; NOT found, module Oracle disabled</em><br />
<em>Checking for GUI req&#8217;s (pkg-config, gtk+-2.0) &#8230;</em><br />
<em>                                              &#8230; NOT found, optional anyway</em></p>
<p><em>Hydra will be installed into &#8230;/bin of: /usr/local</em><br />
<em>  (change this by running ./configure &#8211;prefix=path)</em></p>
<p><em>Writing Makefile.in &#8230;</em><br />
<em>now type &#8220;make&#8221;</em></p>
<p><strong>Compile</strong><br />
# make</p>
<p><em>Now type make install</em></p>
<p><strong>Install</strong><br />
# make install<br />
<em>strip hydra pw-inspector</em><br />
<em>echo OK &gt; /dev/null &amp;&amp; test -x xhydra &amp;&amp; strip xhydra || echo OK &gt; /dev/null</em><br />
<em>mkdir -p /usr/local/bin </em><br />
<em>cp hydra pw-inspector dpl4hydra* /usr/local/bin &amp;&amp; cd /usr/local/bin &amp;&amp; chmod 755 hydra pw-inspector</em><br />
<em>echo OK &gt; /dev/null &amp;&amp; test -x xhydra &amp;&amp; cp xhydra /usr/local/bin &amp;&amp; cd /usr/local/bin &amp;&amp; chmod 755 xhydra || echo OK &gt; /dev/null</em><br />
<em>mkdir -p /usr/local/man/man1</em><br />
<em>cp -f hydra.1 xhydra.1 pw-inspector.1 /usr/local/man/man1</em></p>
<p><strong>Download the dictionary from John the Ripper</strong><br />
# wget http://download.openwall.net/pub/wordlists/all.gz<br />
# gunzip all.gz<br />
# mv all /tmp/password.lst</p>
<p><strong>Try to attack my ftp server</strong><br />
# hydra 192.168.1.10 ftp -l kezhong -P /tmp/password.lst -e ns -t 32<br />
<em>Hydra v7.0 (c)2011 by van Hauser/THC &amp; David Maciejak &#8211; for legal purposes only</em></p>
<p><em>Hydra (http://www.thc.org/thc-hydra) starting at 2011-09-23 08:35:55</em><br />
<em>[DATA] 5 tasks, 1 server, 5 login tries (l:1/p:5), ~1 try per task</em><br />
<em>[DATA] attacking service ftp on port 21</em><br />
<em>[21][ftp] host: 192.168.1.10   login:<span style="color:#ff0000;"> kezhong </span>  password:<span style="color:#ff0000;"> qwer1234</span></em><br />
<em>[STATUS] attack finished for 192.168.1.10 (waiting for children to finish)</em><br />
<em>1 of 1 target successfuly completed, 1 valid password found</em><br />
<em>Hydra (http://www.thc.org/thc-hydra) finished at 2011-09-23 08:35:58</em></p>
<p><strong>Try to do ssh brute force attack to my server</strong><br />
# hydra 192.168.1.10 ssh -l kezhong -P /tmp/password.lst -e ns -t 32<br />
<em>Hydra v7.0 (c)2011 by van Hauser/THC &amp; David Maciejak &#8211; for legal purposes only</em></p>
<p><em>Hydra (http://www.thc.org/thc-hydra) starting at 2011-09-23 12:02:03</em><br />
<em>[DATA] 5 tasks, 1 server, 5 login tries (l:1/p:5), ~1 try per task</em><br />
<em>[DATA] attacking service ssh on port 22</em><br />
<em>[22][ssh] host: 192.168.1.10   login: <span style="color:#ff0000;">kezhong</span>   password: <span style="color:#ff0000;">qwer1234</span></em><br />
<em>[STATUS] attack finished for 192.168.1.10 (waiting for children to finish)</em><br />
<em>1 of 1 target successfuly completed, 1 valid password found</em><br />
<em>Hydra (http://www.thc.org/thc-hydra) finished at 2011-09-23 12:02:05</em></p>
<p><strong>Reference</strong><br />
<a href="http://thc.org/thc-hydra/">http://thc.org/thc-hydra/</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<item>
		<title>Install hexedit on CentOS 5.5</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/12/install-hexedit-on-centos-5-5/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/12/install-hexedit-on-centos-5-5/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Sep 2011 18:22:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=690</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hexedit is a very powerful tool that shows a file both in ASCII and in hexadecimal. On Linux system, vi/vim can only modify ASCII files, however, Hexedit can modify not only ASCII files but also binary files. The link http://rigaux.org/hexedit.html shows how to use it. On CentOS 5.5 system, I cannot use yum to install [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=690&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hexedit is a very powerful tool that shows a file both in ASCII and in hexadecimal. On Linux system, vi/vim can only modify ASCII files, however, Hexedit can modify not only ASCII files but also binary files.</p>
<p>The link<a href="http://rigaux.org/hexedit.html"> http://rigaux.org/hexedit.html</a> shows how to use it.</p>
<p>On CentOS 5.5 system, I cannot use yum to install it(but it can be installed by yum on Fedora 15). The below are installation steps.<br />
# wget <a href="http://rigaux.org/hexedit-1.2.12.src.tgz">http://rigaux.org/hexedit-1.2.12.src.tgz</a><br />
# gunzip hexedit-1.2.12.src.tgz<br />
# tar xvf hexedit-1.2.12.src.tar<br />
# cd hexedit<br />
# ./configure<br />
# make<br />
# make install</p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<title>Installing Skype on Fedora 15(X86_64)</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/02/installing-skype-on-fedora-15x86_64/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/09/02/installing-skype-on-fedora-15x86_64/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Sep 2011 19:20:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=675</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Download installation package from http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/downloading.fedora Install # rpm -i skype-2.2.0.35-fedora.i586.rpm When I tried to start skype, it prompted that I need to install libasound.so.2, libXv.so.1, libXv.so.1, libXss.so.1, libQtDBus.so.4. I just installed them by yum. Start skype Click Applications -&#62; Internet -&#62; Skype Click &#8220;I agree&#8221; Filed under: Uncategorized<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=675&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Download installation package from</p>
<p>http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/downloading.fedora</p>
<p>Install<br />
# rpm -i skype-2.2.0.35-fedora.i586.rpm</p>
<p>When I tried to start skype, it prompted that I need to install libasound.so.2, libXv.so.1, libXv.so.1, libXss.so.1, libQtDBus.so.4. I just installed them by yum.</p>
<p>Start skype<br />
Click Applications -&gt; Internet -&gt; Skype<br />
<a href="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/skype.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-676" title="skype" src="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/skype.jpg?w=300&#038;h=172" alt="" width="300" height="172" /></a><br />
Click &#8220;I agree&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/skype1.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-677" title="skype1" src="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/skype1.jpg?w=155&#038;h=300" alt="" width="155" height="300" /></a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">skype</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">skype1</media:title>
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		<item>
		<title>Using SSH Tunnelling(Port Forwarding)</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/31/using-ssh-tunnellingport-forwarding/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/31/using-ssh-tunnellingport-forwarding/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2011 13:29:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=670</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[SSH tunnelling (also known as &#8220;Port Frowarding&#8221;) is very useful at work environment. For example, I want to configure and manage the switches that can be managed by the web-based management application in the datacenter, but I work at my office. Or I want to copy some files to the server in the datacenter from [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=670&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SSH tunnelling (also known as &#8220;Port Frowarding&#8221;) is very useful at work environment. For example, I want to configure and manage the switches that can be managed by the web-based management application in the datacenter, but I work at my office. Or I want to copy some files to the server in the datacenter from my office. Through using ssh tunnelling, I don&#8217;t need to go to datacenter to configure switches on the site, and don&#8217;t need to copy files to gateway and then copy from gateway to server.</p>
<p><strong>Syntax:</strong><br />
ssh -L &lt;localport&gt;remoteip&lt;remoteport&gt; &lt;username&gt;@&lt;bridgeip&gt;<br />
<a href="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/portf.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-671" title="portf" src="http://kezhong.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/portf.jpg?w=300&#038;h=153" alt="" width="300" height="153" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Case 1</strong><br />
From the above picture, there is a management server connectting to the management port of switches in datacenter. For the privacy, I suppose that the IP of the management server is 192.168.1.20, the IP of the switch1 is 10.1.1.2. At my fedora desktop, I open a terminal and type</p>
<p>$ ssh -L 8080:10.1.1.2:80 kezhong@192.168.1.20 cat -</p>
<p>and then open my browser, go to http://127.0.0.1:8080/</p>
<p><strong>Case 2</strong><br />
From the above picture, I want to copy files from my pc to server1. Suppose that the IP of the gateway is 192.168.2.1, and the IP of the server1 is 10.2.2.5. Open a terminal and type</p>
<p>$ ssh -L 8082:10.2.2.5:22 kezhong@192.168.2.1 cat -</p>
<p>Open another terminal, type<br />
$ scp -P8082 ubuntu-10.10-server-amd64.iso kezhong@localhost:/tmp/ubt.iso</p>
<p><strong>Reference</strong><br />
<a href="http://www.rzg.mpg.de/networkservices/ssh-tunnelling-port-forwarding">http://www.rzg.mpg.de/networkservices/ssh-tunnelling-port-forwarding</a></p>
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		<title>Reading CHM files on Fedora 15</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/28/reading-chm-files-on-fedora-15/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/28/reading-chm-files-on-fedora-15/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Aug 2011 20:09:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=664</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I find there are several CHM viewer applications on Fedora 15. They are gnochm, kchmviewer, and xchm. They can be installed by yum. If you want to convert chm files to pdf, you can install chm2pdf package by yum. Filed under: Uncategorized<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=664&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I find there are several CHM viewer applications on Fedora 15. They are gnochm, kchmviewer, and xchm. They can be installed by yum.</p>
<p>If you want to convert chm files to pdf, you can install chm2pdf package by yum.</p>
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			<media:title type="html">kezhong</media:title>
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		<title>Using MSN with pidgin on Fedora 15</title>
		<link>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/27/using-msn-with-pidgin-on-fedora-15/</link>
		<comments>http://kezhong.wordpress.com/2011/08/27/using-msn-with-pidgin-on-fedora-15/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Aug 2011 02:28:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kezhong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kezhong.wordpress.com/?p=656</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One of my customers wanted to discuss problems with me by MSN. But my office desktop is installed Fedora 15 and not windows. I searched on the net, and found pigdin can solve this issue. The method of installation is very easy. Install pidgin package # yum install pidgin Run the pidgin $ pidgin or [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=kezhong.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4823265&amp;post=656&amp;subd=kezhong&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of my customers wanted to discuss problems with me by MSN. But my office desktop is installed Fedora 15 and not windows. I searched on the net, and found pigdin can solve this issue. The method of installation is very easy.</p>
<p><strong>Install pidgin package</strong><br />
# yum install pidgin</p>
<p><strong>Run the pidgin</strong><br />
$ pidgin</p>
<p>or click Applications-&gt;Internet-&gt;Pidgin Internet Messenger</p>
<p><strong>Debug mode</strong><br />
The pidgin command provide debug mode, if you met any problem, you could run on this mode<br />
$ pidgin -d</p>
<p>If you could not run it, please check if port 1863 is open or not to you on the firewall.</p>
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